Author Topic: Status of Nspire programming?  (Read 9558 times)

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Offline DJ Omnimaga

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Re: Status of Nspire programming?
« Reply #15 on: July 17, 2010, 02:37:29 pm »
I do not exactly remember when, but I had a small discussion about this with TD-Linux in #omnimaga recently, and it seems to be effectively due to the z80 processor being too limited for a language like C. Something to do with not having enough registers.

Offline Tribal

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Re: Status of Nspire programming?
« Reply #16 on: July 17, 2010, 08:50:31 pm »
Yeah, it's a register issue. IIRC the z80 proccessor has 14 general purpose registers while the ARM one in the nspire has 37(?) registers, if the documentation I was reading is correct.

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Re: Status of Nspire programming?
« Reply #17 on: July 17, 2010, 11:34:46 pm »
Didn't some of the z80 registers also required the combination of two registers?

Offline Tribal

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Re: Status of Nspire programming?
« Reply #18 on: July 18, 2010, 12:49:40 am »
By 'combining' registers it allows for storage of 16-bit data, but alone they can only hold 8-bits of data.  So AF, BC, DE, HL, IX, IY, and SP can hold up to 16-bits of data(I believe).  But IX, IY, and SP are reserved for the OS or something and shouldn't be modified.

I may not totally sure about IX, IY, and SP, I know that SP is the stack pointer, but I am not entirely sure what IX and IY are for. Maybe someone with more knowledge could enlighten us since I only know some basic stuff :D

Offline Lionel Debroux

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Re: Status of Nspire programming?
« Reply #19 on: July 18, 2010, 02:42:52 am »
The x86 ISA doesn't have much more register than the Z80 ISA has.

ARM processors have 16 registers usable for general-purpose code, plus some more control registers.
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Offline calcdude84se

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Re: Status of Nspire programming?
« Reply #20 on: July 18, 2010, 08:01:37 pm »
Only IY is used by the OS, and SP is used pretty much everywhere (you need to preserve SP to use call, ret, push, and pop)
IY is actually the start of the OS flags, so you can use it by disabling interrupts then restoring it when done.
IX can be used by programs, and along with IY is an index register. They're called that because when using them indirectly, you can add a constant index (8-bit signed) to them, like "res 3,(ix+9)", which resets the third bit of the byte nine after IX.
The disadvantage to using them is that they are larger and slower. The instruction above is 4 bytes, while "res 3,(hl)", the equivalent version with hl instead of ix+9, is only 2.
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