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Messages - DrDnar

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241
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 12, 2012, 04:18:31 pm »
I'm curious about the LCD.  Is it supposed to use a color palette or individually-controlled RGB pixels? 
We don't know. We probably won't know until an assembly-savvy person gets one and starts dumping code.

I'm a little skeptical that you could get good performance either way
I agree that the vintage Z80 design couldn't provide good graphical performance, but I believe that upping the clock rate and rewriting some of their worst-performing code could provide adequate graphing performance, as in it would take less than ten seconds to graph y=mx+b. We're speculating that an eZ80 could easily provide the performance.

I'm a little skeptical that you could get good performance either way - and I'm even more skeptical that TI could pull it off (these are the same people who brought us MathPrint.)
An eZ80 would easily let them use C, which really makes it more likely they'll be able to implement good functionality, since C is much less specialized that than Z80 assembly. Although, in the end, it'll probably end up being as slow as the original software.

242
Yes, DJ_O, but the hardware and OS were different. Assembly programs like to bypass the OS and interact with the hardware directly. But since the hardware is slightly different, it won't work. Moreover, the OS was also different. The locations of all the safe RAM is different, the program format is slightly different, the program loading location is different, and the OS routines have slightly different functionality.

243
The eZ80 is compatible with the regular Z80. We assembly programmers would prefer the eZ80. A 50 MHz eZ80 can easily get the performance of a 200 MHz Z80 because it can run most instructions in a single clock cycle, whereas the Z80 takes between 4 and 21 23 clock cycles for each instruction. An eZ80 could easily address all the extra memory needed to efficiently manipulate a high-resolution color display. If you want good gaming,  you better hope the suit-guy was wrong about it being the vintage Z80 design.

Addendum: One clock-cycle is one hertz, i.e. 15 MHz means 15 million clock cycles per second.

244
We're not making up a 25 MHz limit. Nobody's ever mass-produced a Z80 that runs faster than 20 MHz. The only reason we're suggesting 25 MHz is that DS staff told us long ago that the TI-83+SE was planned to support up to 25 MHz. I suppose, though, that if the eZ80 goes up to 50 MHz, it's possible TI could make a regular Z80 (based on modern fab technology) go that fast, or just use an actual eZ80.

245
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 12, 2012, 04:41:05 am »
As I've been told, you'll be able to see that when you open it :P
Not that I don't trust you, but I want to point out that you can't see a real Z80 inside the current TI-83+ series calculators. All three models still in production (and the TI-83+SE) have the Z80 hidden inside an ASIC. You'd have to desolder the ASIC, de-encapsulate the chip, and take a micrograph to prove there's an actual Z80 inside. (I've tried de-encapsulating chips. It's very difficult. Even 30 molar sulfuric acid can't make a dent in the packaging unless heated to near boiling point.)

246
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 12, 2012, 12:47:16 am »
The difference between me and Kerm is that I would add a jump table for him if he asked.

247
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 12, 2012, 12:31:07 am »
I never got enough feedback to feel comfortable posting an official release. It also doesn't work with zStart, because zStart has Omnicalc entry points hard coded into it. That's thepenguin's fault.

248
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 12, 2012, 12:00:59 am »
Yeah I meant implemented by default though lol. That said (off-topic): I wonder if that United-TI hosted copy of Omnicalc for MP OSes is available anywhere else? Because now that UTI merged with Cemetech, all attachments are gone...
I wrote that. Here it is again.

249
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 11, 2012, 10:52:45 pm »
I wonder if they could manage to fix the RAM Clear issue after crashes by storing a backup of the user RAM into a different RAM area, so when the calc is reset, the last backup from when the calc was last turned OFF is restored from there?

Omnicalc already has that feature for TI-83+SEs and TI-84+(SE)s with all 128 K of RAM.

250
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 11, 2012, 10:02:11 pm »
Here's my professional opinion: A Z80 is certainly fast enough to handle simple color graphics. The biggest bottleneck in current Z80-series games is the LCD interface. The worst feature is the need to wait several clock cycles after every write. It's just long enough to be a major bottle neck, but not long enough to do anything really useful. However, even if the new driver requires no wait states, a larger screen will still take a lot more CPU power to draw graphics for. The lack of wait states could well be completely offset by the need to compute more graphics data. We'll really need to pray for 25 MHz speed.

How the driver implements color access will have an effect on speed. If it's one nibble per pixel, then graphics access will still be slightly awkward. Unfortunately, any higher resolution precludes a fully memory-mapped solution. The Z80 can directly access up to 65536 bytes of memory, but a 320x240 display has 76800 pixels. Chances are, we'll still have to deal with an LCD driver, and we definitely won't be able to make ready use of a back-buffer for graphics. However, if the LCD driver requires no wait-states, it may actually be an advantage: the LCD driver can handle the multiplication to calculate RAM addresses for us.

We also must wonder whether there will be emulation for the old LCD driver.

Edit: Let me just clarify: If TI optimizes their code (e.g. no wait states, less LCD updating, plotting for every other x, better floating-point routines) and raises the CPU speed, they could still get a reasonable graphing speed. However, a 320x240 display has more than ten times as many pixels as the current 96x64 display, so games may have a tough time drawing full-resolution graphics in real-time.

Another point to consider is how TI will be adding more memory. TI can easily add more memory without significantly reducing profit-margins, but they can't add more flash memory in a manner that current software will be able to access without changes. There is no more room in the memory map for more flash memory, but they could easily add up to 2 MB of RAM. If they want to add more flash, perhaps they will use another set of ports to page the additional memory; or perhaps they will switch to a NAND, and we'll have to contend with reading byte-by-byte from an internal buffer on the NAND; or perhaps they'll completely break the current system.

Here's something bad to consider: as long as they're completely reworking the ASIC, they might as well remove the ability to unlock the boot code. No doubt, with great color comes great restrictions on programmer freedom. But that's why we have people like BrandonW. We are firing up our oscilloscopes! We are reading our disassemblers! Native code! will! be! ours!

But I still think it'll actually turn out to be an Nspire in disguise.

251
News / Re: Faster Flash Access for the 83+/84+
« on: November 11, 2012, 04:06:40 am »
I had not realized that the combination of b_call lookup and copying the routine to RAM repeatedly was such a major bottleneck. Have you tried placing a counter in the write and erase routines and timing how long such operations actually take?

I notice you don't try to use the accelerated one-command-per-write mode. I wonder if the autoselect commands could identify whether the chip supports that.

I wrote the Wiki page on raw flash access.

252
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 11, 2012, 03:30:11 am »
Also, SRAM uses very little power when it's not actively being read/written.

On the other hand, the Sonic 3 cart doesn't have a battery. Instead, it uses an alternative to flash/EEPROM called FRAM, so your Sonic 3 saves can last indefinitely.

253
News / Re: A new z80 calc... in color?
« on: November 10, 2012, 09:14:43 pm »
All electronic devices draw power when turned off, unless the on/off switch is a physical flip switch wired in series with the batteries. For example, the TI-84+ draws 100 microamps when turned off. Even if you remove the four AAAs, the RAM still continues to be powered from the button cell. The only way to truly turn off a device is to remove all batteries (which may be impossible; for example, some RTC ICs have a battery built into the chip package) and discharge all capacitors.

254
General Calculator Help / Re: MathPrint glitching up
« on: November 10, 2012, 06:10:13 pm »
Try resetting RAM. If MathPrint works right, then some software you're using is causing the problem. Try resending the OS. If MathPrint works right before running any other software, then the OS may have been corrupted by something using BrandonW's old flash unlock exploit, which is now known to corrupt one particular byte of the OS. (In older OSes, that byte did nothing important, but it does now.)

255
Other Calculators / Re: More Precision on the 83+/84+ (10^127 - 10^-127)
« on: November 09, 2012, 04:44:06 pm »
I'd noticed that the restriction was arbitrary, but I never considered hacking the OS to remove it. Your understanding of the EOS amazes me.

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