Ok, a good compiler that's easy to set up is called MinGW. Download the installer
hereThen run the installer and install MinGW to a directory
without spaces. The best place is the default C:/MinGW/
After that, go ahead and add it to your path by right clicking on "My Computer" then "Properties" then "Advanced System Settings" and finally, "Environment Variables". In the System variables field scroll down till you find "PATH". Click on it and then hit edit. Copy/Paste the directory to MinGW/bin/ onto the end of the path and add a semicolon.
And you have your compilation.
A good IDE to use is code::blocks. Just download the windows installer and run it and you can compile with F9.
For drawing on the screen, use a library such as SFML or SDL. Just add the files in the "include" folder inside the libraries to "MinGW/include" and the same for "lib".
Hope that helps!
EDIT: Ninja'd