Author Topic: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!  (Read 154103 times)

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Offline parserp

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #255 on: November 16, 2011, 05:54:13 pm »
Hm...I say this as an Axe programmer, not knowing ASM...how about UPSIDE DOWN TEXT! om nom nom nom
Yeah! it could be something like Fix 11 :D
that would be awesome!

Offline Quigibo

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #256 on: November 16, 2011, 08:54:40 pm »
But TI doesn't have a text flag for that :(  It has to be something that already exists.
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Offline ztrumpet

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #257 on: November 16, 2011, 09:31:22 pm »
I like the lowercase toggle option.  Actually, now that I think about it, it wouldn't be that useful because there's no reliable input command.  Hmm...

Offline Xeda112358

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #258 on: November 17, 2011, 12:31:08 pm »
I believe there is a Feature Wishlist thread ...

And to be relevant to the topic, I have not found any *actual* optimisations just from the quick look I made. There might be more, but y'all have done an amazing job so far!

Offline jacobly

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #259 on: December 06, 2011, 01:36:32 am »
p_SDiv: same size, saves an average of 7 cycles 3.5 cycles
Edit: oops, abs(hl) isn't always positive (what???)
Original
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
bit 7,h
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
bit 7,d
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__SDivEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
xor d ; a = h
jp p,$+9
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
; a = high byte of abs(hl)
; therefore, bit 7 is clear
; xor d ; or works too
; jp p,$+9
; Edit: doesn't work if hl = $8000
; because abs($8000) = $8000
bit 7,d
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__SDivEnd:
Edit: Some more attempts at optimizing.
Optimized (speed)
+1 byte, avg -19 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
xor d ; a = h
jp p,$+9
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ld a,d
or a
jp p,$+9
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
ld b,b
.db 2
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__SDivEnd:

p_Div:
.db __DivEnd-1-$
ld a,d
or a
ld b,16
; ...
Optimized (size)
-4 bytes, avg +37 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
ld b,2
__SDivRepeat:
ex de,hl
xor h
jp p,__SDivSkip
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
__SDivSkip:
xor a
djnz __SDivRepeat
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__SDivEnd:
Optimized (lol)
-8 bytes, avg +110-4 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
ld b,2
__SDivRepeat:
push af
xor d
jp p,__SDivSkip
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
__SDivSkip:
dec b
ret m
ex de,hl
ld b,b
.db 1
call z,$3F00+sub_Div
inc b
pop af
djnz __SDivRepeat
jr __SDivRepeat+2
__SDivEnd:

p_Div:
.db __DivEnd-1-$
ld a,d
or a
ld b,16
; ...

Edit: p_SortD: same size, 2*size-5 cycles faster
Original
Code: [Select]
p_SortD:
.db __SortDEnd-1-$
ld c,l
ex de,hl
__SortDLoop2:
ld b,c
push hl
jr __SortDJumpIn
__SortDLoop1:
inc hl
cp (hl)
jr c,__SortDSkip
__SortDJumpIn:
ld a,(hl)
ld d,h
ld e,l
__SortDSkip:
djnz __SortDLoop1
ld b,(hl)
ld (hl),a
ld a,b
ld (de),a
pop hl
dec c
jr nz,__SortDLoop2
ret
__SortDEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_SortD:
.db __SortDEnd-1-$
ld c,l
ex de,hl
__SortDLoop2:
ld b,c
push hl
jr __SortDJumpIn
__SortDLoop1:
inc hl
cp (hl)
jr c,__SortDSkip
__SortDJumpIn:
ld a,(hl)
ld d,h
ld e,l
__SortDSkip:
djnz __SortDLoop1
ldi
dec hl
ld (hl),a
pop hl
jp pe,__SortDLoop2
ret
__SortDEnd:

Edit: p_Reciprocal: same size, saves avg 2 cycles
Original

Code: [Select]
p_Reciprocal:
.db __ReciprocalEnd-1-$
xor a
bit 7,h
push af
jr z,$+7
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ex de,hl
ld bc,$1000
ld hl,1
xor a
ld b,b
.db 10
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret z
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__ReciprocalEnd:
Optimized
avg -2 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_Reciprocal:
.db __ReciprocalEnd-1-$
xor a
bit 7,h
push af
jr z,$+8
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
xor a
ex de,hl
ld bc,$1000
ld hl,1
ld b,b
.db 10
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret z
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__ReciprocalEnd:
Optimized Moar
avg -33 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_Reciprocal:
.db __ReciprocalEnd-1-$
xor a
bit 7,h
push af
jr z,$+8
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
xor a
ex de,hl
ld bc,$1001
ld hl,2
ld b,b
.db 16
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret z
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__ReciprocalEnd:

Edit: p_Mod: 2 bytes smaller, 96 cycles faster!
Original
Code: [Select]
p_Mod:
.db __ModEnd-1-$
ld a,h
ld c,l
ld hl,0
ld b,16
__ModLoop:
scf
rl c
rla
adc hl,hl
sbc hl,de
jr nc,__ModSkip
add hl,de
dec c
__ModSkip:
djnz __ModLoop
ret
__ModEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_Mod:
.db __ModEnd-1-$
ld a,h
ld c,l
ld hl,0
ld b,16
__ModLoop:
sla c
rla
adc hl,hl
sbc hl,de
jr nc,__ModSkip
add hl,de
__ModSkip:
djnz __ModLoop
ret
__ModEnd:
« Last Edit: December 08, 2011, 01:29:43 am by jacobly »

Offline Happybobjr

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #260 on: December 06, 2011, 07:56:54 am »
awesome I needed speed boost in division.
p_SDiv is signed 16 bit division, right?
School: East Central High School
 
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Offline jacobly

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #261 on: December 09, 2011, 05:53:34 am »
Not an optimization, but I'm posting this here since more assembly people will read it.  Since the Bitmap() command is being replaced with something actually useful, that means the "Fix 8" and "Fix 9" will also need to be replaced.  Are there any useful flags (particularly for text) that would be useful to Axe programmers that I haven't already covered with the other fix commands?  A couple I can think of are an APD toggle or Lowercase toggle.

I agree with adding the lowercase enable flag, especially if p_GetKeyPause is modified slightly. For example:
Code: [Select]
p_GetKeyPause: ; Change to subroutine
.db __GetKeyPauseEnd-1-$
B_CALL(_GetKeyRetOff)
res 7,(iy+40)
ld h,0
ld l,a
cp $fc
ret c
ld a,($8446)
ld h,a ; Edit: something like inc h \ ld l,a might be easier
; since lowercase letters would be consecutive
; or ld hl,($8446) \ ld h,a
ret
__GetKeyPauseEnd-1-$
« Last Edit: December 09, 2011, 06:42:11 am by jacobly »

Offline Quigibo

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #262 on: December 10, 2011, 05:06:35 pm »
Thanks for the optimizations :)

Unfortunately that p_SortD won't work because ldi also increases de.  Also, the p_Mod won't work because c's right bit will never be set in either of those cases.
___Axe_Parser___
Today the calculator, tomorrow the world!

Offline jacobly

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #263 on: December 10, 2011, 05:11:59 pm »
For p_SortD, affecting de doesn't matter because if you follow the code path, the next occurrence of de is when it is loaded from hl, so its contents don't matter.
As for p_Mod, ac is the division result, which is never needed. You can also notice that in the original routine, the new bits shifted into ac are never read.

Edit: fixed grammar ::)

Also, some peephole ops I would find useful.
Code: [Select]
.db 3
sbc hl,de
ld a,h
or l
.db 2
sbc hl,de
Code: [Select]
.db 8
ld de,$0000
add hl,de
sbc hl,hl
inc hl
dec hl
.db 6
ld de,$0000
add hl,de
sbc hl,hl
« Last Edit: December 10, 2011, 05:30:22 pm by jacobly »

Offline Quigibo

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #264 on: December 10, 2011, 07:20:44 pm »
Oh I forgot to mention that I've optimized division now by having the long division routine call the modulus subroutine to save space...  I do see what you mean now about the sorting, so I added that change. :)

Generally I don't do peephole optimizations unless all the registers are the same, but I'm 99% sure that this particular one should be okay and that nothing else in the Axe protocol currently relies on the "a" register after a zero check, so I'll add that one.  That second one seems rare, it would only occur if you added 1 after a signed greater than or equal to zero comparison.    So at least until make it faster, I'm only trying to do the most common/significant optimizations because each one I add slows down parsing.
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Offline jacobly

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #265 on: December 10, 2011, 07:43:58 pm »
I had a sneaking suspicion that you would find some reason to call p_Mod :/

For the first peephole optimization, since you already had
Code: [Select]
.db 3
sbc hl,hl
ld a,h
or l
.db 2
sbc hl,hl
I figured that you already checked that the value of a is not used.

The second one was an optimization for 32-bit subtraction (it was supposed to be p_LtLeXX followed by dec hl). However, the following should work because it has no differing side effects and should be more common. (btw, I think Runer may have made a similar suggestion)
 .db 2
 inc hl
 dec hl
 .db 0 ;<- dont know if this works

Offline jacobly

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #266 on: December 11, 2011, 07:34:47 am »
Lol... I'm already optimizing :P

p_ArcTan: same size, save 19 or 10 (avg 14.5) cycles
Original
Code: [Select]
p_ArcTan:
.db __ArcTanEnd-1-$
ex de,hl ;de = y
pop hl
ex (sp),hl ;hl = x
push hl
ld a,h ;\
xor d ; |Get pairity
rla ;/
jr c,__ArcTanSS ;\
add hl,de ; |
add hl,de ; |
__ArcTanSS: ; |
or a ; |hl = x +- y
sbc hl,de ;/
ex de,hl ;de = x +- y
ld b,6 ;\
__ArcTan64: ; |
add hl,hl ; |hl = 64y
djnz __ArcTan64 ;/
call $3F00+sub_SDiv ;hl = 64y/(x +- y)
pop af ;\
rla ; |Right side, fine
ret nc ;/
sbc a,a ;\
sub h ; |Reverse sign extend
ld h,a ;/
ld a,l ;\
add a,128 ; |Add or sub 128
ld l,a ;/
ret
__ArcTanEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_ArcTan:
.db __ArcTanEnd-1-$
ex de,hl ;de = y
pop hl
ex (sp),hl ;hl = x
push hl
ld a,h ;\
xor d ;/ Get parity
jp m,__ArcTanSS-p_ArcTan-1
add hl,de ;\
jr __ArcTanDS ; |
__ArcTanSS: ; |hl = x +- y
sbc hl,de ; |
__ArcTanDS: ;/
ex de,hl ;de = x +- y
ld b,6 ;\
__ArcTan64: ; |
add hl,hl ; |hl = 64y
djnz __ArcTan64 ;/
call $3F00+sub_SDiv ;hl = 64y/(x +- y)
pop af ;\
rla ; |Right side, fine
ret nc ;/
sbc a,a ;\
sub h ; |Reverse sign extend
ld h,a ;/
ld a,l ;\
add a,128 ; |Add or sub 128
ld l,a ;/
ret
__ArcTanEnd:
I'm curious as to why you multiplied by 64 before dividing. It would seem that if the times 64 was after the division, the result would generally be the same, but there would be less of a chance of overflow. It's possible though that it doesn't matter.
Edit: Oh yeah... accuracy. Your way is more accurate, nvm.

p_DrawBmp: saves 3 to 4 bytes, and (8 ± 0 or 4) × (visible height) - 8 cycles
Original
Code: [Select]
p_DrawBmp:
; ...
__DrawBmpGoodSize:
ld b,a ;B = plot_height
push bc ;****** BEGIN BUFFER CALCULATIONS ******
; ...
__DrawBmpLeftLoop:
inc c
dec c
jr z,__DrawBmpSkipMain
dec c
; ...
__DrawBmpOnLeft: ;A = X + 8
inc c
dec c
ld d,(hl)
inc hl
ld e,c ;E = 0 if z
jr z,__DrawBmpSt
; ...
__DrawBmpStSkip:
ld a,e
pop de ;D = X
ld e,c
pop bc
ld c,e ;C = bytes
; ...
__DrawBmpColWall:
inc c
dec c
jr z,__DrawBmpSkipMain
dec c
ld a,d
jr nz,__DrawBmpColLeft
cp 88
ld d,(hl)
inc hl
jr nc,__DrawBmpSkipMain
ld e,c
jr __DrawBmpSt
; ...
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_DrawBmp:
; ... c = bytes + 1 is required for the rest of the optimizations
__DrawBmpGoodSize:
ld b,a ;B = plot_height
inc c ;C = bytes+1
push bc ;****** BEGIN BUFFER CALCULATIONS ******
; ... undo inc c above, affect z flag the same as before, c is still one more than before
__DrawBmpLeftLoop:
dec c
jr z,__DrawBmpSkipMain
; ... since c is one more than before, check e = c - 1 for 0, instead of c
__DrawBmpOnLeft: ;A = X + 8
ld d,(hl)
inc hl
ld e,c
dec e ;E = 0 and z (if bytes = 0)
jr z,__DrawBmpSt
; ... this stores one more than before to e, but all code paths lead to
; either pop de, ld e,(hl), or ld e,c before e is ever used.
__DrawBmpStSkip:
ld a,e
pop de ;D = X
ld e,c
pop bc
ld c,e ;C = bytes+1
; ... same as above
__DrawBmpColWall:
dec c
jr z,__DrawBmpSkipMain
ld a,d
jr nz,__DrawBmpColLeft
cp 88
ld d,(hl)
inc hl
jr nc,__DrawBmpSkipMain
; I do not understand the reason for ld e,c, however, c is one more than before,
; so dec e to have e be the same as before, but I don't know if this is necessary.
ld e,c
dec e
jr __DrawBmpSt
; ...

Sorry for bumping some of these so soon, but I wanted to change them to work with the new version.

p_88Mul: same size, saves 1 or 6 (avg 3.5) cycles
Original
Code: [Select]
p_88Mul:
.db __88MulEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
bit 7,h
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
bit 7,d
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
call $3F00+sub_MulFull
ld l,h
ld h,a
pop af
xor h
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__88MulEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_88Mul:
.db __88MulEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
xor d ; a = h
jp p,$+9-p_88Mul-1
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
bit 7,d
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
call $3F00+sub_MulFull
ld l,h
ld h,a
pop af
xor h
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__88MulEnd:

p_SDiv: same size, saves 1 or 6 (avg 3.5) cycles
Original
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
bit 7,h
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
bit 7,d
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__SDivEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_SDiv:
.db __SDivEnd-1-$
ld a,h
xor d
push af
xor d ; a = h
jp p,$+9-p_SDiv-1
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
bit 7,d
jr z,$+8
xor a
sub e
ld e,a
sbc a,a
sub d
ld d,a
call $3F00+sub_Div
pop af
ret p
xor a
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__SDivEnd:

p_Reciprocal: same size, saves 31 cycles
Let me know if you want this one explained.
Original
Code: [Select]
p_Reciprocal:
.db __ReciprocalEnd-1-$
xor a
bit 7,h
push af
jr z,$+8
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
xor a
ex de,hl
ld bc,$1000
ld hl,1
ld b,b \ .db 7 \ call $3F00+sub_Mod
ld h,a
ld l,c
pop af
ret z
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__ReciprocalEnd:
Optimized
Code: [Select]
p_Reciprocal:
.db __ReciprocalEnd-1-$
xor a
bit 7,h
push af
jr z,$+8
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
xor a
ex de,hl
ld bc,$1001
ld hl,2
ld b,b \ .db 13 \ call $3F00+sub_Mod
ld h,a
ld l,c
pop af
ret z
sub l
ld l,a
sbc a,a
sub h
ld h,a
ret
__ReciprocalEnd:
« Last Edit: December 11, 2011, 05:48:53 pm by jacobly »

Offline Runer112

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #267 on: December 12, 2011, 01:48:13 am »
First, an optimization so simple, it doesn't even deserve a fancy side-by-side comparison. It's funny that nobody (including myself, until now) noticed this optimization, because it's something you wouldn't even think about optimizing. But anyways, getting to the optimization: remove the ld hl,0 at the start of p_Mul! Who would've thought, optimize code by simply deleting a line of it! ;D


Second, I actually thought of the above optimization while toying around with the multiplication routine attempting to optimize it in another manner. Although I know you generally like to optimize for size, I think that with a routine like multiplication that is so heavily used, a routine optimized more for speed would be worth it. Especially if the cost in size is a paltry two bytes! This optimization will get a fancy side-by-side comparison. :)


Smaller routine: 14 bytes, ~836 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_Mul:
.db __MulEnd-1-$
ld c,h
ld a,l
ld b,16
__MulNext:
add hl,hl
add a,a
rl c
jr nc,__MulSkip
add hl,de
__MulSkip:
djnz __MulNext
ret
__MulEnd:
   Faster routine: 16 bytes, ~741 cycles
Code: [Select]
p_Mul:
.db __MulEnd-1-$
ld c,l
ld a,h
call __MulByte
ld a,c
__MulByte:
ld b,8
__MulNext:
add hl,hl
add a,a
jr nc,__MulSkip
add hl,de
__MulSkip:
djnz __MulNext
ret
__MulEnd:



EDIT: The division routine just gave me a great idea. For another paltry two bytes, if you'd like, you can cut the time for multiplying 8-bit numbers in half! Compared to Axe's current routine, you would get a speed increase anywhere from 12% to 120% for a total size increase of one byte! Not bad! Of the three routines I have provided, this routine is definitely my favorite.


Even faster routine: 18 bytes,
~749 cycles for 16-bit inputs (h!=0),
~386 cycles for 8-bit inputs (h=0)
Code: [Select]
p_Mul:
.db __MulEnd-1-$
ld c,l
xor a
ld l,a
add a,h
call nz,__MulByte
ld a,c
__MulByte:
ld b,8
__MulNext:
add hl,hl
add a,a
jr nc,__MulSkip
add hl,de
__MulSkip:
djnz __MulNext
ret
__MulEnd:



EDIT 2: Another thought: the same basic optimization I applied in the 16-byte routine (the faster routine before the 8-bit optimization) could be applied to p_MulFull to save a couple hundred cycles in each fixed-point multiplication. High-order multiplication and fixed-point multiplication could no longer share a routine, but it might be worth it considering the two multiplication techniques are (in my experience) not commonly used in the same scenario.
« Last Edit: December 12, 2011, 02:01:04 pm by Runer112 »

Offline Builderboy

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #268 on: December 12, 2011, 02:28:58 am »
*Builderboy votes for using super fast multiplication :D *

Offline Quigibo

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Re: Assembly Programmers - Help Axe Optimize!
« Reply #269 on: December 12, 2011, 02:58:15 am »
@jacobly
Your p_DrawBmp optimizations don't do the same thing as the original code (which is why you're confused about the use of e).  For instance, right after __DrawBmpColWall, my original routine checks if c is zero, then checks if c is one.  Yours checks if c is zero, then if its non-zero.  The e register, which is the left aligned byte to be shifted, is only loaded with c as an optimization in the case that c is zero because the sprite is clipped on that wall.  This is always the same as doing ld e,0.

But thanks for the other optimizations, I have added all of them :)

@Runer112
Mind == Blown.  That's unbelievably cool!  Modular arithmetic is quite a strange beast sometimes.  Anyway, I like that last suggestion best as well :)  However, even though removing the zero loading works for the 16 bit multiplication and (I presume) the 32 bit multiplication, I don't think that last optimization will work for 32-bit, unless you can think of another method?
« Last Edit: December 12, 2011, 03:00:14 am by Quigibo »
___Axe_Parser___
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